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G. T.'CAR TI ER. ROTARY ENGINE. APPLICATION FILED JULY-18.!91T.

1",303,255. Patent-ed May13,1919.

\ 2 SHEET$SHEET 1.

llll M" r I a INVENTOR BY M ATTQRNEY F Fig.2 is a sectional View along the line il,3u3,255.

unease '1'. oanrrnn, or ELIZABETH, new JERSEY, AssIeuon; or ounnanr no r, L. I manna, or roar wnsnme'rou, new roan.

.ino'raaY nuance.

,To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, GEORGE .1. Gimme,

a citizen of the United States, residing at Elizabeth, in-the county of Union, and State er New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Rotary En-.

ginyes, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it apper tains to make and use the same.

This invention relates to-gas engines and with regard to its. more specific features, to a device of the characterdescribed in which the power is exerted differentially upon the moving, parts. r

' An object of this invention is to' provide a device of the characterdescribed in which the moving partsTImove continuously inth'e" same direct-ion, whereby the jarincident to the reversing of the direction of the motion of moving parts is avoided. e

A further' object of the inventionris to provide a device of the character described in which the oweris transmitted to the' rotating parts ifi'erentially whereby the largest amount of .vpower is'obtained with the 7 minimum frictiodand wear onthe bearings.

@ther Qb ect'swiH be in part'obvious and,

in part pointed' o'ut hereinafter. 3%

The inventionaccordingly consists in the 7 features of construction. combinations of .ele-

' ments and arrangement of parts, which will be exemplified'in the construction hereinits after set forth, and the scope of the application of which will be indicated in the following claims.' I

In the accompanying drawings annexed to land forming" a part 'of this specification; in

which similar characters refer to similar fl parts throughout the several views,

Figure 1 is an elevation of the machine ."shown partly in section;

2-2 ofFig.1

.Fig. 3 is a central transverse sectional View of the device; and

Fig. 4 is a detail view ofthejcounterbal-z ance for certain piston packing.

a (1 two caps 4 and 5, heldin ofishi bya circumferential tend through the capathe side members be provid-ed on their shown at 9. I v

- ,The numeral 10 indicates a shaft which is Q Specification of Letters Patent. Pat t May 1 1919, I Application ma July 18,1917. Serial an]. mane.v

and the circumferential wall to hold the parts of the casing together.

As illustrated; the side members 2 and 3 are. provided with passages 8 in which a cir, culation of acooling medium may be. maintained. In order to provide a tight joint between 11.1 -circurnferential Wall and the side members, complementary rabbets may meeting surfaces as journaled-in the capsfl and coaxially of the casl ng' Loosely journaled upon the shaft 10 on the interior of the casing aretwo disks 1 12 and 13.3 These disks 12 and '13 are so disposed and have their circumferential surfaces 14 and 15',of such size as'to form be:

tween the circumferentialsurfaces and the "inner surface 16 of a the circumferential wall 6 an annularpistonrhamber '18, and in order thatthis chamber may be substantially gas tight both between thedisks and the vside members 2 and 3 and between the disks themselves, suitable packing as 19 may be pifovided "at the meeting surfaces. This packing may consist of an annular ring fitting within a recess inthe members 2zand 3,

and may heheld in place by screws 20..

Mounted upon the surface 14 of the disk 12 at circumferentially spaced points are e pistons 22 which may be attached to the disk 13 by suitable screws as 23. These pistons have the same shape in cross section as the piston chamber 18 whereby theyare adapted to move cireumferentially in s the piston chamber. Each of these pistons is provided.

with a-working face -as.24 and the working face of all of the pistons-on the disk-13 will be disposed in position to oppose the same directionof rotation.

Mounted upon the surface 15 of the disk 13 is a second set of circumferentiaily spaced pistons 25 which may be attached to the disk '13 by suitable screws. J These pistons will alternate with the pistons 22 around the circnmferenceof the piston chamber and may be similar in construction to the pistons 22 but will be 'sodisposed that the working face 26 thereof will be opposed to rotation ion in the .opposite direction from that to which-@ 'the faces 24 of the pistons 22 are opposed whereby the working faces 2440f each of the pistons 22will stand opposed relation to.

- the working face'26 ofnne of the pistons 25... Means are provided for communicatingmotion from the piston 22 to the shaft'lp, and from the shaft to the pistons in such manner that thepistons 22 and 25 will be caused alternately toapproach and re-.

cede from each other during their movement around the circumference. of the piston chamber and when theengine isto be op-.

erated as a gasengin on the Otto cycle this mechanism will preferably be such as to cause twice as many: cycles of relative moveiiient of the pistons; for each revolution around the axis of the shaft as there are I desired to be-power impulses per power piss ton per revolution, because whenthis relationship exists, the "greatest simplicity of thetrain of mechanism connecting the pistons will causethe'pis'tons to recede from revolution of thetshafftr y In order to insure-a tight engagement be-" tween the pistons and the walls of the pleand ap roach "each, othergfour times each- I "thn chamber, each of the pistons may be provided with; suitable piston .strips as 27 on the peripheral face of the pistons and 28- dii the lateral and inner faces thereof. Each 7 of these strips will'fibe urged toward the corresponding wall of the piston chamber by 'a. suitable spring 29." In order to overcome the centrifugal force exerted on the strips 27 by reason of theahigh speedof the engine, suitable counterbalances may be rovided as at 30, connected-to the strips 27 by pistons are diametrically disposed.

a pivoted lever 31 and the weight of the counterbalance and the ratio of the lever 31v may-be such-as to neutralize the centrifugal force. j j Furthermore in the embodiment two p1s'- tons are empl y i h the??? accompanying drawings for causing the motion of'pistons isas follows: Mounted uponi.

the interior of the casing 1 concentric withq the shaft 10 are two annular gears 32, and

mounted upon the shaft '10 are two crank" l arms. 33, preferably disposed on opposite sides of the disks 1:3 and 14, These arms are tight upon .the shaftand are illustrated as bein dlsposed diametrically opposite to each ot er. Each carries at its outer end a stud, as 35, on'which is journaled pinions 3.6 and 37' each meshing with one of the annular gears 32. v The" pitch diameter of the annularv ears 32 bears to the pitch diameter of the pinions .36 and 37 a ratio equal to the number of cycles of relative motion betweenthe pistons which it is desired to pro duce per revolution, and consequently in the machine illustrated the pitch diameter move and the pistons 22 have just substan- The train offmechanlsm illustrated 1n the of the annular gears will be four times that of the pinions.

Means are provided for transmitting motionfroma point eccentric to each inion to its adjacent disk whereby as the pinions are rotated around the annular gears and simultaneously around their ivots an oscillatory motion relative to the axis of the pinions will be communicated to each disk. As illustrated, there-isprovidedupon each pinionyon theside adjacent the corresponding di'sk at a point eccentric to the axis of the pinion, studs- 38 carrying anti-friction rolls 39 and there may be attached to the disks in osition to cooperate with the rolls 39, suitahle guides .as 40 formingradially disposedchannels 41 of width substantially equal to the diameter of the anti-friction roll. The pinions 36 and 37 carrying studs 13and 14 around the shaft with a constantly increasing .and decreasing speed somewhat in the nature of a sine wave movement. By reason of the fact that the studs 38 are disposed in opposite relation, the maximum speed of one disk will be at the time of minimum speed of the other disk so that the pistons will be given a relative movement toward and from each other, making in the particular arrangement shown four complete cycles of such movement for each revolution of the shaft.

- For convenience of description, that point in the cycle of operations at which the pistons- 25 have just ceased substantially to tially started to move, one position of which neutral" position and in the embodiment illustrated, four such neutral positions will occur in each revolution. At one of these neutral -positions,;theintake of the motive fluid takes place and at the next of said neutralpositions, the firing takes place. At the next neutral position intake again takesplace, and at the next further firing, in repetition.

The intakeport-as 42 will be set just in advance in the direction of rotation of the neutral position and solocated as to be uncovered by the piston 22 as it starts its motion. The firing mechanism, illustrated as a spark plug 43, will be disposed at the next neutral position in position to communicate with the space between the pistons as the piston 22 starts to move at the beginning of neoaaee the next cycle. Exhaust port 44 will 'be just in the rear of the neutral'position'in,

position to be uncovered. by the piston 22 before it ceases to-move at the close'of' its "working cycle and preferably in position to the piston 25 as it ceases'to be closed by move. a o

F or the purpose ofcontrolling the exit-of the gasesfrom the exhaust port 44, af-suitable valve may be provided: as, for example, the springi pressed disk valve 45 and for the purpose or controlling a the intake of the J fuel through the intake port 42 a suitable I timing of .t the valve.

valve as 46;, may beprovided which is pret- 'v erably mechanically controlled by the rota tion of the engine so as; to secure the proper va1ve;46 is h e1d inwardly against its seat by a spring 47 and isopenedfby being pressed outwardly against the action of the spring 47 by a lever 48 which is operated byi'acamroller 49'through the medium of acam 50 and a pin 51.- Thecam 50. and pin51 are carriedon'ablock 52 which is mounted upon the cap 5 so as to be able to be adjusted circumterentlally thereon: and the position of which is controlled by an arm'53 and a pin;-

v54 engaging the surface of the cap 5L1 The roller 49 -is mounted on a block 55 which inturn is mounted upon the shaftlO for rotation therewith so that the roller 49 will engage the cam 50 once for each"rotation of the shaft, butthe point in therota- 35; tion of the shaft at which the roller 49 will engage the cam may be altered, and thus the timing of the valve may be changed by the rotation of the block 52 by means of the arm 53. The lower end of the pin 51 is of sufiicient size to engage the end of'the lever 48 at all times in spite of such angular adjustment of the block 52. It will be tinderstood that one set of this valve operating mechanism will be provided for each inlet port and thus by reason of thefact that as many rollers'49 will be provided as there are inlet ports, the valve 46 will: be operated as many titties in each revolution as there are what ports;

For the purpose of procuring the'proper lubrication of the interior portions of the engine, the shaftlt), may be bored out long'itudinalli'y to provide an oil chamber 56 and suitable lateral openings may be proj vid'ed by means ofwhich this oil chamber may communicate with the various bearing surfaces as shown at 57. A suitable selfclosing valve may be provided at the en-- trance of the. oil chamber through'which oil may be inserted in the chamber, as shown.

For the purpose of preventin backward I motion of the pistons 25 on t e disk 13,

should there be any tendency for it so to move at any time in the cycle of operations due to improper timing of the 1 'tion or other contributing cause, a smtab e ratchet As illustrated, the l 13 will be'free to rotate in one direction, but

will be; locked against rotation in the reverse'dlrection. A similar ratchet mechanismpas shown in Fig. 2, may be provided for the other disk, if desired. a

From the above description the operation of the device will be evident. To start the engine, the shaft 9 is rotated in the direction of motion, which rotation will, through the train of mechanism above described, cause the piston 22 to move from the position shown in l in the direction indicated by the arrow, thus uncovering theintake port 45 and drawing into thepspace between the pistons the motive fluid. When the piston'22 has reached a position at right angles tOLthe position shown for it in Fig. 1, the iston 25 will start to move, thus closing the intake port and compressing the as fbe tween pistons until the piston 25 reac es the position in which it is shown in Fig. 1. Due to the train of mechanism, the continued rotation of the shaft will now start the piston 22' to move and immediately thereafter, or (after the parts have acquired their momentum substantially simultaneously therewith, if desired, or even before that), the spark may bedischarged through the spark plug,

causing; ignition of the gases.

'Thusjbfy the above described construction are. accomplished,-among others',;the objects m hereinabove set forth. p

As many changes could be made in the above construction and many apparently widely difl'erent embodiments of th s 1nven tion could be made without departing from the scope thereof, it is intended] that; all. matter contained in the above descriptlon or shown in the accompanying drawings shall be interpreted as illustrative and not in a limiting sense. v a

It is also to;be understood that vtheilanguage used in'the following claims 19intended to cover all of the generic and"spe-' cific features of the invention herein described, and all statements or the scope of the invention which, as a matter eff flanguage, might besaid to fall there/between;

Having described my invention, what I claim, as new and desire tosecure by Let? ters Patent'is 1. A device ot the character described tonchamher, a shaft, coaxial therewith, pistons mounted for movement around said shaft in said chamber, means for connecting said pistons together adapted to cause them comprising, in combination, an annular pis-;.

i I to approach and recede from each other as they revolve around the axis of the shaft,

including an annular gear coaxial with the piston chamber, an arm rigidly attached to the shaft and carrying a pinion in position to mesh with the annulargear, a pin eccentrically mountedon said pinion, and a member rotatable about said shaft and to which certain of said pistons are rigidly attached,- said member being-provided with a guide- Way extending in a radial direction with which said pin on saidpinion is adapted to cooperate,

2. A- device of the character described comprising, in combination, an annularpiston chamber, a shaft coaxial therewith, pistons mounted for movement around said.

shaft in said chamber, means for connecting said pistons together adapted to cause them.

to approach and recede from'each other they revolve around the axis of the shaft includin an annular gear coaxial with the piston c amber, an arm rigidly attached to the shaft and carrying a pinion in position to mesh with the annular gear, a pin eccentrically mounted on said pinion, and a member rotatable about said shaft and to which certain of said pistons are rigidly attached,

said member being provided with a guide- Way extending in a radial direction with which said pin-on said pinion is adapted to cooperate, said pin being at a distance-from the axis of the -pinion equal to the pitch radius of the pinion. I

3. 'A device of the character described comprising, in combination, an annular piston rigidly attached to the shaft carrying a pinchamber,. a shaft coaxial therewith, pistons mounted for movement around said shaft in 'said'chamber, means for connecting said pistons together. adapted to cause them to approach and recede from each other as they revolve around the axis of the shaft including a gear coaxial with the shaft, an arm ion adapted to mesh with said gear, a pin mounted on an eccentric portion of said pinion, and a member mounted for rotation around said shaft to which certain of said pistons are rigidly connected, said member carryinga radially disposed guide adapted I to cooperate with said pin.

4. A device of the character described comprising, in combination, an annular piston'chamber, a shaft coaxial therewith, two

sets of pistons mounted for movement around.

said shaft in said chamber, means for connecting the pistons together adapted to cause the pistons of one set to approach and recede from'the pistons of the other set as the pistons revolve around the axis of the shaft, includi two members mounted for rotation aroun the shaft to each of which one set of said pistons is rigidly connected, two pinions mounted for planetary movement around said shaft, and means for connecting an eccentric portion of one of said pinions with one of said members and an eccentric-portion of-the other of said pinions-with the other of said members, said eccentric portions being so adjusted relative to each other that when one of said eccentric portions 1s nearest the shaft the other of said eccentric portions will be farthest therefrom.

5. A device of the character described comprising, in combination, an annular piston chamber, a shaft. coaxial therewith, two sets of pistons mounted for movement aroundmembers, said eccentric portions being so adj usted relative to each other that when one of said eccentric portions is nearest the shaft the other of said eccentric portions will be farthest therefrom, the distance between the eccentric portions'of said pinions and the axis of said pinion being equal to the pitch radius of said pinions.

In testimony whereof I afiix my signature,

in the presence of two witnesses.

GEORGE T. CARTER.

Witnesses: I i

FRANK L. KBAEMER, L. A. Warsorn 

